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**Operationalization** is the process of converting abstract concepts or variables into measurable and observable factors. It allows researchers to define how a concept will be measured in practice.
**Proxy measurement** involves using an indirect variable to represent a concept when direct measurement is difficult or impossible. It serves as a substitute for the actual variable of interest.
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Operationalization is the process of defining variables into measurable factors. Proxy measurement is using a variable that indirectly measures the concept you're interested in when direct measurement is difficult or impossible.
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Done
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Operationalization is the advanced concept of measurements.
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I learned operationalization and proxy
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I learned operationalization and proxy measurement.
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done
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done
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AOA,
I learned in this lecture about operationalization and proxy estimation.
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