Using 42 as the random_state value in train_test_split is mainly a matter of convention and humor within the programming community. It helps ensure reproducibility in your machine learning experiments while having no special significance beyond that. You can choose any integer for random_state, and it will serve the same purpose.

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The Number 42: Cultural Reference: The number 42 is famously known as "the answer to the ultimate question of life, the universe, and everything" from Douglas Adams' science fiction series The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. As a result, many programmers and data scientists use it as a humorous or whimsical choice for a random seed. No Special Properties : There’s nothing inherently special about the number 42 itself in terms of randomness or statistical properties. Any integer can serve as a seed. However, using a consistent seed like 42 helps maintain a standard across examples, tutorials, and educational resources.

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The number 42 has gained prominence as a default or commonly used value for random_state due to its association with the novel "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" by Douglas Adams, where it is humorously depicted as the answer to the ultimate question of Life, The Universe, and Everything.

Using 42 has become a bit of a tradition in programming (inspired by "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" by Douglas Adams) and it's often used as a placeholder value when a specific number isn't critical to the application. By setting random_state to a fixed value we ensure that every time the code run will split the data in the same way to achieve reproducibility in your results. If we don't set a random seed (random_state) different runs of the code result in different training and testing sets which can make it challenging to compare and reproduce results.

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In this lecture, discussion about coding for Support Vector Machine (SVM) in Python.